Anaplastic Astrocytoma

The results demonstrated that GBM-derived EVs significantly contribute to astrocyte phenotypic alterations associated with invasion and metastasis. These findings highlight the importance of EV-mediated intercellular communication in GBM progression and suggest further in vivo studies to elucidate their role in central nervous system invasion.

P2, N=36, Suspended, Mayo Clinic | Not yet recruiting --> Suspended

These findings define a previously unrecognized MELK-NS-p53 signaling axis that links kinase activity to the regulation of the cell cycle. Our fundings provide mechanistic insights into glioblastoma pathogenesis and suggest that targeting the MELK-NS pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for high-grade gliomas.

P3, N=365, Recruiting, Nuvation Bio Inc. | Phase classification: P2 --> P3 | N=125 --> 365 | Trial completion date: Mar 2028 --> Dec 2030 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2027 --> Dec 2028

P1, N=1, Terminated, University of Alabama at Birmingham | N=12 --> 1 | Trial completion date: Aug 2027 --> Mar 2025 | Enrolling by invitation --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2026 --> Mar 2025; Not enough eligible participants to enroll.

These cases represent the first definitive report of cranial RIS following glioma chemoradiation therapy in patients with LFS. The short latency and aggressive nature of these tumors at the irradiated site highlight the need for proactive follow-up in patients with LFS after chemoradiation therapy to screen for RIS and improve outcomes through timely intervention. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25588.

This review did not identify definitive clinical or histomolecular differences between pediatric and adult HGAP, underscoring the need for further comparative studies. Pediatric HGAP may represent an underrecognized diagnostic entity within the glioma spectrum, emphasizing the critical role of methylation profiling for accurate diagnosis and classification. Retrospective reclassification of histologically and molecularly ambiguous gliomas is warranted and may reveal additional cases. Larger pediatric cohorts are urgently needed to inform clinical management and refine prognostic stratification.

Histologic grade 4 astrocytomas with CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion confer the worst survival. Maximal or complete resection, as assessed on FLAIR images, is critical to improving outcomes.

P2, N=25, Recruiting, Mayo Clinic | Trial completion date: Apr 2026 --> Jul 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Jul 2028

Original method based on marker gene expression ratios does not replace standard diagnostic protocols, but may be an additional tool for optimized diagnostic process. This approach will be valuable to minimize errors and personalize therapeutic strategies. The last one is critical for prognosis.

This report describes a rare association between occult RRAT and chronic RRD in an elderly patient. Histopathologic examination of such tumors is essential for accurate diagnosis while surgical management must be tailored to tumor size, location, and associated complications.

She is now 7 years old and doing well with no recurrence. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a congenital intraventricular tumor with EML4::ALK fusion.