P1, N=15, Recruiting, Keystone Nano, Inc | Enrolling by invitation --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Oct 2027 --> Nov 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2027 --> Sep 2026

Our discovery of Utt-B, a phytosaponin that exhibits remarkable anti-HCC potential and is a United States FDA-designated orphan drug against HCC, has gained global recognition. The present study reveals Utt-B as a propitious candidate drug against MASH and MASH-induced HCC in a high-fat diet murine model and streptozotocin-induced steatohepatitis-derived HCC animal model, respectively.

Compared with the inhibitor group, the serum level of IL-6, the contents of 4-HNE and MDA, and protein expression of p53 in colonic tissue in the activator group were elevated (P<0.05), while the body weight, the contents of SOD and GSH, and protein expression of GPX4 in colonic tissue were reduced (P<0.05). Moxibustion at "Tianshu" (ST25) could alleviate intestinal inflammation in CD mice, possibly by downregulating the protein expression of p53, enhancing the activity of the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 pathway, reducing the production of lipid peroxides, maintaining intestinal iron homeostasis, and reducing colonic ferroptosis.

P1/2, N=75, Recruiting, Oncorena AB | Trial completion date: Aug 2025 --> May 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2025 --> May 2027 | N=50 --> 75

ACOX3 represents a dual diagnostic and prognostic biomarker with broad pan-cancer relevance, exhibiting distinct immune correlates and therapeutic potential.

P1, N=20, Active, not recruiting, Sohag University

This study investigates the characterization and biological effects of Dual Drug-Loaded Nanoparticles on HepG2/doxorubicin (DOX) cells, focusing on the anti-cancer ability of Doxorubicin/Curcumin-Polyethylene Glycol-Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles (DOX/Cur-PEG-PCL-NPs)...These results demonstrate that DOX/Cur-PEG-PCL-NPs effectively reverse chemoresistance and suppress tumor progression through modulation of the Nrf2 pathway and apoptosis induction, offering a promising strategy for targeted liver cancer therapy. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-025-00855-y.

IQCE emerges as a novel oncogene-associated biomarker with significant diagnostic and prognostic utility, particularly in SKCM. It promotes an immunosuppressive TME and oncogenic signaling while being localized to malignant cells. Although associated with chemoresistance, the vulnerability of IQCE-high tumors to RITA offers a promising therapeutic strategy. IQCE represents a compelling target for precision oncology.

P1, N=12, Enrolling by invitation, Keystone Nano, Inc | Not yet recruiting --> Enrolling by invitation | Trial completion date: Oct 2026 --> Oct 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 --> Feb 2027

Treatments for advanced HCC include multikinase inhibitors (Sorafenib or Lenvatinib), with limited response rates and serious side effects, or immunotherapy applicable to a small fraction of patients. No toxicity was observed after repeated injections of XON9 in a non-human primate. XON9 represents a promising and selective immunotherapy against refractory HCC.

P1, N=46, Recruiting, SciTech Development, Inc. | Trial completion date: Nov 2025 --> May 2027 | Trial primary completion date: May 2025 --> Dec 2026

Moreover, TGX-221 represents a promising novel therapeutic candidate, while HS2ST1 serves as a potential prognostic biomarker. These findings collectively provide tools for risk stratification and targeted therapy, advancing precision oncology for WT.