Bone Cancer

FISH detection of NR4A3 gene rearrangements provides a crucial value for the diagnosis. It needs to be differentiated from myoepithelial tumors, chordomas and myxoid liposarcomas.

This scRNA-seq study provides a general overview of the different cellular compositions and immune interactions within GCTB. The identified subtypes and communication networks provide valuable information about the immunosuppressive environment of GCTB, laying the foundation for prospective therapeutic approaches targeting specific cell types or interactions.

MIR31 deletion upregulates LYN, enhancing stiffness perception and tipping the balance toward O-GlcNAc addition to NICD1, finally resulting in mechanoadaptation- and tumor stemness-driven recurrence. Consequently, MIR31 deletion is a potential biomarker for recurrence and patient stratification in Notch- or OGT-targeted therapies.

P3, N=128, Active, not recruiting, SynOx Therapeutics Limited | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Dec 2025

P=N/A, N=140, Not yet recruiting, The first affiliated hostipal of nanchang university; The first affiliated hostipal of nanchang university

P=N/A, N=140, Completed, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University

P2, N=88, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center; The Clinical Technology Research And Development Center of Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center

P2, N=88, Not yet recruiting, The Clinical Technology Research And Development Center of Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center; The Clinical Technology Research And Development Cent

The following ten drugs received FDA approval in 2025 - avutometinib (inhibiting MEK1/2 in serous ovarian carcinomas), defactinib (blocking FAK in low grade serous ovarian carcinomas), delgocitinib (antagonizing the JAK family in hand eczema), mirdametinib (inhibiting MEK1/2 in type I neurofibromatosis), remibrutinib (blocking BTK in chronic spontaneous urticaria), rilzabrutinib (antagonizing BTK in chronic immune thrombocytopenia), sunvozertinib (blocking mutant exon 21 insertion EGFR NSCLC), taletrectinib (inhibiting mutant ROS1 in NSCLC), vimseltinib (blocking CSF1R in tenosynovial giant cell tumors), and zongertinib (antagonizing mutant HER2 in NSCLC). This article summarizes the physicochemical properties of all 94 FDA-approved small molecule protein kinase inhibitors including the molecular weight, number of hydrogen bond donors/acceptors, ligand efficiency, lipophilic efficiency, polar surface area, and solubility. A total of 45 of the 94 FDA-approved drugs have a least one Lipinski rule of five violation.

This study advances understanding of the chordoma immune landscape by integrating spatial, transcriptomic, and TCR data. The findings highlight systemic and local immune dynamics, reveal tumor-specific TCR motifs, and identify potential therapeutic targets. These insights provide a foundation for developing personalized immunotherapies to overcome immune suppression and enhance anti-tumor immunity in chordomas.

Liquid biopsy holds strong potential for transforming bone tumor care. Its clinical adoption depends on further validation through standardized methods and large-scale studies.

Furthermore, there is an absence of severe toxicities that have arisen with other agents in the TGCT treatment space, specifically liver failure. Vimseltinib is a favorable option for patients with TGCTs and further efforts to determine its place in the sequence of overall management are needed.