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    BIOMARKER:

    BRAF wild-type

    i
    Other names: BRAF, B-raf proto-oncogene, B-raf proto-oncogene, Serine/threonine kinase, V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B, Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf, Proto-oncogene B-Raf, BRAF1, RAFB1, B-raf proto-oncogene Serine/threonine-protein kinase, Murine sarcoma viral (V-Raf) oncogene homolog B1, B-raf serine/threonine-protein, 94 KDa B-raf protein, B-RAF1
    Entrez ID:
    673
    Related biomarkers:
    Expression
    Mutation
    CNA
    Fusion
    Others
    1d
    Anti-EGFR rechallenge compared with standard of care for patients with ctDNA RAS/BRAF wild-type chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Crit Rev Oncol Hematol)
    These findings support the use of anti-EGFR rechallenge strategy aslater-line treatment when tumor shrinkage is a clinical priority. Further evidence from prospective trials is required.
    Retrospective data • Review • Journal • Circulating tumor DNA
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    BRAF wild-type
    |
    Erbitux (cetuximab) • Vectibix (panitumumab)
    1d
    Unveiling a BRAF Signature Proficient in Accurately Capturing Oncogenic Activity and Guiding Prognostic Prediction Across Multiple Cancers. (PubMed, MedComm (2020))
    Furthermore, pan-cancer analyses implicate the BRAF25 signature in poor prognosis across diverse BRAF-driven malignancies. In conclusion, stratifying patients by transcriptional BRAF oncogenic activity, instead of relying solely on BRAF mutation status, provides a more precise approach to guide clinical decision-making and improve therapeutic outcomes.
    Journal
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • DUSP6 (Dual specificity phosphatase 6)
    |
    BRAF wild-type
    1d
    Continuum of care and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: results of the real-world prospective, longitudinal cohort PROMETCO study. (PubMed, ESMO Gastrointest Oncol)
    Between mCRC diagnosis and death or withdrawal, patients were frequently exposed to fluoropyrimidine (99.0%), irinotecan (96.2%), oxaliplatin (88.4%), anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (78.7%) and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (40.1%). PROMETCO provided information on real-world prescribing patterns and efficacy. OS from mCRC diagnosis and PFS from 3L and beyond were similar to previous long-term follow-up data from clinical trials.
    Journal • Real-world evidence
    |
    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF mutation • BRAF wild-type • RAS mutation
    |
    oxaliplatin • irinotecan
    1d
    Real-world characteristics and outcomes of patients with BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer in Australia: the COALA project. (PubMed, ESMO Real World Data Digit Oncol)
    Uptake and impact of encorafenib plus cetuximab (EC), since being available in Australia from May 2019, were examined. The COALA study provides the first Australian real-world profile of BRAFV600E-mutated mCRC. These findings underscore the importance of early and effective therapeutic strategies, and identify a novel, disproportionately affected very-young subgroup requiring targeted research and clinical focus.
    Journal • Real-world evidence
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF V600E • MSI-H/dMMR • BRAF V600 • BRAF wild-type
    |
    Erbitux (cetuximab) • Braftovi (encorafenib)
    2d
    CAPRI-3 GOIM: Continuation of Cetuximab Beyond First-Line Progression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=480, Recruiting, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
    New P3 trial
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
    |
    BRAF V600E • BRAF V600 • BRAF wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    4d
    JSKN003 Versus Physician Choiced Treatment in Patients With HER2-positive and Advanced Colorectal Cancer Who Had Failed to Respond to Oxaliplatin, 5-Fu, and Irinotecan (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=123, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai JMT-Bio Inc.
    New P3 trial
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • MSI (Microsatellite instability)
    |
    HER-2 positive • BRAF V600E • MSI-H/dMMR • BRAF V600 • BRAF wild-type
    |
    Stivarga (regorafenib) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • Fruzaqla (fruquintinib) • Lonsurf (trifluridine/tipiracil) • anbenitamab repodatecan (JSKN003)
    5d
    CELOW: COLON ERDERLY LOW DOSE (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=51, Not yet recruiting, Matteo Clavarezza | Trial completion date: Apr 2026 --> Jul 2026 | Initiation date: Sep 2025 --> Feb 2026
    Trial completion date • Trial initiation date
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF wild-type
    7d
    ANCHOR: A Study of Anlotinib Hydrochloride Capsule Combined With Chemotherapy as First-line Treatment in Subjects With RAS/BRAF Wild Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=748, Active, not recruiting, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026
    Trial completion date
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Focus V (anlotinib) • capecitabine • oxaliplatin
    7d
    [177Lu]Lu-AKIR001 First-in-human Study (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=15, Recruiting, Karolinska University Hospital | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
    Enrollment open • First-in-human
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • NTRK (Neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase)
    |
    BRAF wild-type
    8d
    A single-arm phase II exploratory study of glutamine combined with oxaliplatin, capecitabine (XELOX) and bevacizumab as the first-line treatment for advanced colorectal cancer with KRAS G12D gene mutation (ChiCTR2500108082)
    P2, N=20, Recruiting, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
    Enrollment open
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • KRAS G12D • BRAF wild-type • KRAS G12
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • capecitabine • oxaliplatin
    10d
    Regorafenib, Ipilimumab and Nivolumab for the Treatment of Chemotherapy Resistant Microsatellite Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=39, Completed, City of Hope Medical Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF wild-type
    |
    Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Stivarga (regorafenib)
    10d
    Botensilimab, Balstilimab and Regorafenib for the Treatment of Patients With Microsatellite Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Who Have Progressed on Prior Chemotherapy (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=28, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Aug 2026
    Trial completion date
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF wild-type
    |
    Stivarga (regorafenib) • balstilimab (AGEN2034) • botensilimab (AGEN1181)