BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)

P=N/A, N=336, Completed, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico | Recruiting --> Completed | N=180 --> 336

P=N/A, N=305, Active, not recruiting, Shanghai Chest Hospital | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2025 --> Dec 2026

The Bethesda system provides high diagnostic accuracy for definitive cytological categories in pediatric thyroid nodules. Even indeterminate categories carry elevated malignancy risk, supporting careful surgical consideration and the value of BRAF V600E testing for preoperative risk stratification.

As surgical resection was not feasible, first-line treatment with ipilimumab plus nivolumab combined with chemotherapy was initiated, resulting in a partial response...Thirteen months later, the patient developed radiographic worsening of ILD, for which oral prednisolone was initiated...The patient received two cycles of nab-paclitaxel plus carboplatin without response and subsequently died. These findings emphasize that clinicians should recognize that IMA may undergo sarcomatous transformation.

NRAS p.Q61R/K comprises 99% of reported NRAS variants. TERTp is the most frequent co-mutation. Among NRAS p.Q61R/K nodules, there are 2 different clusters of samples based on the activity of hallmarks of cancer pathways. Further studies correlating these clusters with clinical and pathological outcomes are necessary.

MET fusions are actionable oncogenic drivers across several cancers, and their detection has therapeutic relevance with approved inhibitors. This case expands the spectrum of MET-driven CNS tumors and suggests that CLIP2::MET fusion may represent a distinct molecular subset of glioneuronal tumors relevant to precision oncology.

Exploratory analysis in a limited TERT cohort (8 mutated vs 103 wild-type) identified prospective radiomics patterns associated with TERT promoter mutations, suggesting potential surrogate imaging biomarkers that warrant further investigation. Micro-CT radiomics shows promise as a complementary tool for diagnostic classification in thyroid cancer and offers a platform for quantitative 3D tissue characterization pending broader validation.

Co-expression network analysis highlighted disrupted transcriptional coordination in tumors. This work establishes a multidimensional epigenetic framework for PTC with combinatorial diagnostic signatures and condition-specific associations between DNA modifications and driver mutations (BRAF vs. RAS).

Altered expression of MMR proteins appears to be involved in key aspects of ameloblastoma biology, including genomic stability, tumor proliferation, and recurrence risk. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of MMR dysregulation as a clinically relevant biomarker in ameloblastomas.

P2, N=39, Recruiting, University of Chicago | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P1/2, N=125, Completed, Xilio Development, Inc. | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

For early-stage POLE-mutated CRC with favorable prognosis, off-label adjuvant immunotherapy may bring unnecessary toxicity risks. It is necessary to conduct rigorous patient selection, comprehensive risk-benefit evaluation, and close monitoring of organ function during treatment, so as to provide reference for the standardized clinical application of ICIs in this population.