BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset)

These findings establish a novel mechanism whereby CD47 promotes cisplatin resistance through transcriptional regulation of DNA repair pathway, providing rationale for combining CD47-targeted therapies with conventional chemotherapy. This dual approach could simultaneously overcome immune evasion while enhancing treatment efficacy.

Rare variants in immune-related genes, such as PRF1 p.Ala91Val, may influence BRCA1 penetrance. Broader exome-wide analyses comparing affected vs. unaffected BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, or women stratified by age at cancer onset, could help identify additional genetic modifiers of cancer risk.

We detail the evidence supporting the integration of systemic agents like abiraterone, enzalutamide, and darolutamide into both hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant settings. Furthermore, we highlight the expanding role of radioligand therapies, including radium-223 and Lutetium-177-labeled PSMA-617 (Lu-PSMA-617), as well as the growing impact of PARP inhibitors in genomically selected patients. The emergence of theranostic strategies and next-generation sequencing has paved the way for personalized treatment algorithms, moving toward a truly precision oncology model in PCa. This comprehensive review synthesizes current therapeutic strategies, clinical trial evidence, and future directions aimed at optimizing outcomes and quality of life for patients with advanced prostate cancer.

The study provides a TT-focused prospective analysis still rare in pediatric oncology. The outcomes indicate satisfactory tolerance and promising efficacy of TT, prompting an update of current treatment standards for several pediatric cancers.

In a triple-negative breast cancer model, we observed that 4-MU reduced spheroid volume and increased BRCA 1/2 levels, suggesting a potential mechanism of 4-MU for tumor shrinkage and BRCA restoration. These findings suggest that 4-MU, a compound already approved for oral use in hepatobiliary indications in Europe and Asia, is a mechanistically plausible HA-targeting candidate for therapeutic repurposing in BRCA-deficient tumors.

gBRCA1 variants were linked to the prevalence of TNBC type and HER2 zero status. In contrast, gBRCA2 cases had a higher rate of HR + and HER-low breast cancer.

This interaction reduces global histone H4 acetylation and suppresses NF-κB transcriptional activity, ultimately altering epithelial migration. Our findings reveal a BRCA2-PCAF axis that modulates NF-κB signaling, a process co-opted by a recurrent BRCA2 pathogenic variant.

We focus on PARPi combinations for HGSOC, MAPK pathway inhibitors for LGSOC, cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors for OC with CCNE1 amplification, the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in OCCC and encouraging, as yet preliminary, responses for antibody-drug conjugate-based therapy. Thus, OC type-specific genomic susceptibilities provide direction for personalised therapy in OC.

P3, N=254, Active, not recruiting, Sichuan Kelun-Biotech Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> Jun 2027

Fam3PRO-variant performed comparably to Fam3PRO at the gene level across all metrics, with notably high specificity and NPV at the region-specific level. These results suggest that, even in the presence of underreporting, Mendelian risk prediction models can be effectively extended to incorporate variant-specific penetrances, providing more precise region-specific PSV carrier probabilities and improving cancer prevention and risk prediction.

P1/2, N=71, Completed, Advanced Accelerator Applications | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=51 --> 71 | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2025 --> Jan 2025

The overexpression of C1orf50 characterizes an aggressive immunogenomic phenotype in ovarian cancer, distinguished by genomic instability, impaired DNA repair mechanisms, and extensive immunosuppression. These findings indicate that C1orf50 warrants consideration as a potential biomarker and a prospective target for therapeutic investigation. Furthermore, they advocate for the progression to prospective validation and functional studies to ascertain its clinical significance.