Although Dara-VTd induction is associated with impaired mobilization kinetics, successful steady-state mobilization remains feasible. On-demand plerixafor use overcomes mobilization deficits, supporting this approach in patients receiving CD38-based quadruplet induction therapy. Furthermore, follow-up analysis of stem cell graft utilization demonstrates a high proportion of collected but unused stem cell grafts in both cohorts.
Co-treatment of BoHV-1 with either bortezomib or lenalidomide increased anti-MM cytotoxicity. Finally, BoHV-1 upregulated CD38 on both MM cells and immune effectors, thereby increasing sensitivity to the anti-CD38 daratumumab. These findings establish BoHV-1 as a promising immunovirotherapy agent, effective as a single agent and in combination strategies, by coupling direct oncolysis with broad immune remodeling of the BM microenvironment.
CD38 is also activated by VitD3 treatment of human peripheral B cell lines, where VDR can bind to the CD38 locus, suggesting direct regulation. Combined VDR and cell-of-origin assessment may contribute to a greater understanding of vitamin D's role in mature B-cell lymphoma and its interplay with BCL6 and MYC.
Our findings suggest that CAR-T cell therapy causes gastrointestinal injury characterized by epithelial cell apoptosis and intraepithelial lymphocytosis and predominantly affects crypts and glands in the deep mucosa. Recognizing this pattern may help pathologists suggest the presence of CAR-T cell therapy-induced injury in the appropriate clinical context.
Early intervention with daratumumab may reduce the risk of disease progression and mortality in people with high-risk SMM. The evidence on the risk of adverse events with daratumumab is very uncertain. For immunomodulatory agents, the available evidence is of very low certainty, partly due to conflicting results, so we are unable to draw conclusions about their effects. There is insufficient evidence to support the use of older agents like alkylating agents or cytokine inhibitors. The decision to initiate early treatment in high-risk SMM requires a careful, individualized risk-benefit assessment and shared decision-making.