EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)

PACIFIC-5 met its primary endpoint of improved PFS after either cCRT or sCRT. Follow-up for overall survival is ongoing.

For ALK mutations, the analysis showed that patients with ALK-positive tumors had distinct radiological features, including a higher occurrence in the lower lobes and fewer ground glass nodules compared to the WT group. The study concluded that specific radiological and pathological characteristics, along with EGFR and ALK mutation statuses, could be used to guide the treatment and diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

In this case, however, the patient achieved a remarkable PFS of over 4 years following a multimodal regimen combining SRT, PD-1 inhibition, and GM-CSF. This tri-modality strategy emerges as a promising therapeutic paradigm for NSCLC-associated LM.

Patients with advanced NSCLC and refractory MPE have a poorer prognosis after first-line targeted therapy than those with non-refractory MPE. More aggressive systemic and local treatment approaches may offer better survival benefits in these patients.

Our research summarizes the best evidence for the management of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRI)-induced skin toxicity symptoms in cancer patients. In clinical practice, it is necessary to fully consider the clinical situation, balance professional judgment with patients' preferences, follow the principle of individualization, analyze the obstacles and facilitating factors of the application of evidence, and apply the evidence to clinical practice prudently.

The integration of radiomics and deep learning offers a non-invasive, accurate method for predicting EGFR mutations and subtypes in NSCLC. This integrated approach demonstrates significant potential to optimize clinical decision-making and enable personalized treatment regimens in NSCLC management.

EGFR and ALK alterations confer favorable outcomes, while certain alterations such as ROS1 and ERBB2 associate with poorer survival. These findings support the routine integration of biomarker testing into NSCLC management and highlight the need for biomarker-specific therapeutic approaches.

NLR and PLR could serve as reliable and clinician-friendly prognosticators of clinical outcomes in patients with LC. Further validation cohorts are sorely needed to prove this notion.

This multimodal approach identified a corpus callosum-specific invasion signature in glioma stem-like cells, revealing how local microenvironmental cues shape transcriptional reprogramming during infiltration. These findings provide new insights into the spatial heterogeneity of gliomas and highlight potential molecular targets for therapies designed to limit tumor spread through white matter tracts.

This overview provides a concise synthesis of targeted therapies under investigation or already in clinical use, including monoclonal antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (e.g., cetuximab) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., nivolumab, pembrolizumab), as well as inhibitors of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) or agents targeting angiogenic and intracellular signaling pathways such as VEGF and mTOR...Metformin and statins, for instance, have demonstrated anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in preclinical OSCC models. Notably, recent evidence suggests that regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin, may improve survival specifically in patients with PIK3CA-altered Head and Neck tumors, potentially through modulation of the COX-2/PGE2 axis. Although prospective evidence remains limited and somewhat heterogeneous, existing preclinical and observational studies suggest that these agents may improve survival and reduce treatment-related toxicity, further pointing to the relevance of molecular stratification in guiding future repurposing strategies. This article aims to map the current therapeutic landscape, highlighting both established molecular targets and emerging repositioned drugs in the management of OSCC and OPSCC.

Protein-protein interaction (STRING) analysis indicated that TGFB2 is associated with EGFR and MYC from the PAM50 breast cancer gene signature. These findings suggest that correlation of TGFB2-related markers could potentially complement the PAM50 signature in the assessment of OS prognosis in breast cancer patients, but further validation of the TGFB2/EGFR/MYC proteins in tumors is warranted.

Additional discussion includes advancements in therapies directed at MET, HER2, RET, ROS1, and FGFR alterations-each representing promising targets in NSCLC. This review concludes by exploring the growing evidence surrounding TROP-2 as a novel therapeutic target, especially relevant in cases where previous targeted treatments have failed.