ER (Estrogen receptor)

Adjuvant RT did not improve the OS and BCSS of the M0 ADCC patients with tumors ≤10 mm who had undergone BCT. Therefore, adjuvant RT may not be necessary for M0 ADCC patients with tumors ≤10 mm who have undergone BCT.

In early CRC, higher disease activity and specific changes, such as increased DAI scores and reduced serum estradiol in females than in males. BC supplementation could effectively reduce DAI scores and systemic inflammation in both sexes. Notably, serum cytokine levels decreased only in females.

This case highlights that isolated adrenal metastasis can occur even after prolonged remission, with hypercalcemia as the sole presenting feature. It emphasizes the need for long-term surveillance in breast cancer survivors and the potential role of surgery in managing isolated adrenal metastases.

The cooperative GOG 281/LOGS trial showed that trametinib, an MEK inhibitor (MEKi), was significantly more effective than standard-of-care options (including chemotherapy or hormonal therapy) in increasing progression-free survival (median PFS 13.0 months vs. 7.2 months; hazard ratio 0.48, p < 0.001)...Genomic and multi-omic profiling have revealed actionable vulnerabilities and precision oncology approaches. The advent of biomarker-directed trials, molecular subtyping incorporation, and innovative computational strategies is likely to gradually ameliorate therapy selection and, thereby, finally improve long-term outcomes for patients with this complex disease.

The discovered LPP phenotype defines a small, high-risk subset warranting external validation. Given the retrospective, single-system design of the study, it is imperative to interpret the discovered phenotype features as hypothesis-generating, rather than as definitive evidence.

The results warrant further investigation on a larger cohort. This framework can be a useful surrogate for participants for whom ODX testing is neither affordable nor available.

Conversely, T-DXd administered due to the presence of HER2-low showed excellent effectiveness. Performing a re-biopsy is crucial due to the possible loss of estrogen receptors, which would require a change in therapeutic strategy no longer based on endocrine therapy. In cases that remain luminal, knowledge of the mutational profile may help to offer patients novel targeted treatments.

This may be the result of a functional interaction between ERβ and p53 or AR. The role of ERβ in TNBC will be elucidated in further complex studies considering multiple molecules.

We conclude that PDAC is characterized by increased MAPK STP activity in combination with high Ki67 and increased activity of developmental pathways (Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, TGFβ). Drugs targeting specific STPs will be evaluated in PDAC model systems to develop new therapies for PDAC.

Genes such as SYP show significant differential expression in both T2DM and RC and may play significant roles in the progression of T2DM and RC. Transcription factor analysis suggested that SP1 could regulate multiple hub genes. Molecular docking indicated that SP1 is a potential target for active components like stearic acid and EGCG in Ginkgo biloba, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for T2DM and RC.

Patients with metastatic HR+HER2- IBC demonstrated a shorter time on treatment suggesting shorter duration of response on CDKI + HT, which is markedly inferior to reported data for non-IBC patients from phase III trials.

GR-driven gene programmes are selectively activated in in vivo models of ERα-positive breast cancer during fasting, and GR knockout hinders the anti-tumour effects of fasting combined with tamoxifen...Additionally, tumours collected after the fasting-mimicking diet showed an inverse correlation of GR activation with proliferation markers, providing clinical confirmation of our observations in animal models. Our results indicate that GR activation has a pivotal role in the ability of fasting to enhance endocrine therapy activity in breast cancer and suggest that corticosteroid administration should be evaluated as an adjuvant to endocrine therapy in this setting.