FOLH1 expression

P1/2, N=6, Completed, Amsterdam UMC Stichting | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Multicycle [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 and pembrolizumab showed encouraging activity with manageable toxicity that was consistent with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 or pembrolizumab, and the combination might provide durable clinical benefit in a subset of patients.

This review summarizes the biological features of ACP3, its historical and current role as a biomarker, and emerging therapeutic applications, with a primary focus on ACP3-targeted molecular imaging and radioligand therapy. The available evidence positions ACP3 as a compelling next-generation theranostic target with the potential to overcome key limitations of PSMA-based approaches and expand precision treatment options for patients with prostate cancer.

Following debulking, the patient's symptoms resolved, and a watchful-waiting strategy was adopted for the tracheal tumor, while curative-intent therapy for prostate cancer continued. This case highlights that 18F-PSMA PET/CT may reveal rare, intensely PSMA-avid non-prostatic neoplasms and underscores the importance of recognizing atypical uptake patterns to avoid misinterpretation during prostate cancer staging.

The incorporation of an alkyne tag into the glutamate-ureido-lysine moiety, which has high affinity for PSMA, yielded the probe PSMA-BADY. The selectivity and specificity of the probe were established in prostate cancer cell models with known PSMA expression profiles, indicating the potential of PSMA-BADY for localizing PSMA in multicellular environments using SRS microscopy.

While [¹⁸F]PSMA 1007 PET/CT remains superior for overall lesion detection, [¹⁸F]FAPI 42 PET/CT may provide complementary value in selected scenarios, particularly in subsets with reduced PSMA expression.

Major challenges include variable PSMA distribution, potential uptake in inflammatory liver processes, and the absence of prospective controlled trials. Nonetheless, PSMA-based imaging and therapy represent a promising frontier in precision medicine for HCC, warranting rigorous clinical validation and exploration in combination with established locoregional treatments.

OCT4, HER2, and ezrin in CTCs were also predictors of poor prognosis and treatment response, but the data is limited. If explored further, microRNAs could serve as a potential alternative to circulating tumor cells, as they are - in theory - able to perform the same functions.

Although PSMA‑targeted imaging and therapies have demonstrated substantial clinical utility, understanding the biological basis of the function of PSMA is essential for interpreting the heterogeneous clinical responses and for designing next‑generation therapeutic strategies in association with this protein. By integrating enzymatic activity, non‑enzymatic scaffold signaling and tumor microenvironmental regulatory information, the present review provides a functional framework in the PSMA biology field and discusses how these molecular properties can be leveraged to develop novel rational and effective PSMA‑targeted interventions.

Although patients with AVPC exhibited significantly worse OS after PSMA RLT, the percentage of patients treated with PSMA RLT who had a reduction in PSA of at least 50% or more from baseline was similar between the AVPC and non-AVPC groups. These findings support the consideration of PSMA RLT as a treatment option in patients with AVPC who have adequate PSMA expression.

P1/2, N=6, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | N=36 --> 6 | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting