Germ Cell Tumors

Primary leiomyoma of the anterior mediastinum is extremely rare. Because primary mediastinal leiomyomas have nonspecific imaging features, distinguishing them from other anterior mediastinal tumors is challenging; thus, surgical resection is required for both diagnosis and treatment. Compared with the conventional look-up method, the confronting upside-down VATS technique utilizes higher intercostal access to provide a comprehensive thoracic view while minimizing diaphragmatic interference. The 180-degree rotated assistant monitor allows both surgeon and assistant to share a thoracotomy-like visual field, enhancing intraoperative coordination. In this case, it facilitated a stable operative field and phrenic nerve preservation despite the tumor's proximity without diaphragmatic interference. The confronting upside-down VATS technique may be particularly advantageous for anterior mediastinal tumors located along the phrenic nerve and in close proximity to the diaphragm.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma represents a rare but clinically significant form of malignant transformation. This case underscores the importance of considering malignancy in postmenopausal women with large or symptomatic ovarian dermoid cysts and highlights the role of comprehensive histopathological evaluation in establishing an accurate diagnosis and guiding optimal management.

After removal of the IUD and methotrexate therapy for presumed ectopic pregnancy in an unknown location, β-HCG level remained elevated...Hormone therapy with oral estradiol 2 mg daily and cyclic oral micronized progesterone 200 mg on 12 days of each month was initiated...After pregnancy has been ruled out, less common causes of β-HCG elevations like gestational trophoblastic disease, germ cell tumors, POI associated menopause, and heterophile antibody interference, should be evaluated. FXPOI should be considered in young patients with β-HCG elevation.

This case report reviews the literature on histologically similar testicular tumors and summarizes diagnostic and management experiences. For testicular mixed germ cell tumors in early adolescence, immediate radical orchiectomy can achieve clinical cure, and long-term follow-up is crucial.

This study highlights the role of CLDN6 in cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation of GCT cells, suggesting that, in addition to its suitability as a therapeutic target, CLDN6 may also play a putative role during tumor progression.

This study highlights PhIP-Seq immunoprofiling to identify serum-based immunosignature panels that can serve as biomarkers for GCTs. This approach addresses the shortcomings of conventional markers and offers a scalable, cost-effective tool for improving cancer diagnosis and management.

Diffuse canine SEM had local invasive features associated with ezrin immunolabelling. According to these findings, PAS staining correlates with canine SEM histomorphology and ezrin immunolabelling can be used as a biological marker of the local invasiveness potential of canine SEMs.

Most women with ovarian tumours were young, and a significant proportion had benign tumours, highlighting the need for a more thorough diagnostic assessment. Improved gynaecological ultrasound scanning, access to intraoperative pathology consultation and molecular testing will be essential for guiding ovarian cancer care in Ghana.

P2, N=111, Completed, University of Chicago | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Published cases suggest that IN-TSCT may exhibit aggressive clinical behavior, including metastatic spread in a subset of patients; however, the total number of reported cases remains very limited, and the true metastatic risk and prognostic spectrum have not yet been clearly defined. This review synthesizes the available literature to provide a comprehensive clinicopathologic and molecular overview of this emerging tumor entity.

P=N/A, N=160, Recruiting, Sahlgrenska University Hospital

Germ cell tumorscannot be excluded in young male patients, even when lesions arise on the convexity and exhibit imaging features typical of meningiomas. Accordingly, germ cell tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis, and tumor marker evaluation and nuclear medicine studies should be proactively performed.