HRD

As these genes have extra-P-body functions, the score serves as a transcriptomic proxy for P-body component enrichment, not a direct measure of P-body activity. Despite this limitation, it offers a clinically useful tool for risk stratification and mechanistic hypotheses.

BRCA-associated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas demonstrate recurrent morphologic patterns, including increased glandularity, stromal hyalinization, myxoid stromal change and architectural heterogeneity. These observations provide a framework for future comparative studies investigating morphologic correlates of homologous recombination deficiency in pancreatic cancer. Recognition of these patterns may support consideration of germline or somatic DNA-repair gene testing in appropriate clinical settings.

P2, N=30, Not yet recruiting, Danatlas Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd

P2, N=120, Not yet recruiting, Shandong University

Due to limited germline and epigenetic data, MSI-H tumors could not be classified as Lynch-associated or sporadic. Overall, MSI-H and MSS CRCs in the Chinese population demonstrate distinct molecular landscapes in terms of TMB, HRD, EBV status, and driver gene alterations, underscoring the molecular heterogeneity of MSI-H CRC and the need for future studies integrating germline and epigenetic data to refine subtype classification.

One patient had a single brain metastasis and received comprehensive treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, PD-1 inhibitor (tislelizumab), and PARP inhibitor (niraparib). The immune microenvironment characteristics of brain metastases (e.g., high PD-L1 expression, T-cell infiltration) may predict the efficacy of immunotherapy, but the prognosis for patients with multiple brain metastases remains poor. Further research is needed to explore the correlation between peripheral blood immune markers and treatment response in brain metastases.

In patients demonstrating substantial response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CRS 2-3), PARPi maintenance was associated with improved PFS, whereas no benefit was observed for CRS 1. The score may aid counseling regarding PARPi initiation, particularly in BRCA-wildtype patients or where homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) testing access is limited.

Since the initial US Food Administration approval of olaparib in 2014, PARP inhibitors have shown efficacy across ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers, although differences in trial design and biomarker strategies have resulted in tumor-specific indications...Ongoing studies are evaluating rational combinations targeting complementary DNA damage response pathways (ATR/CHK1/WEE1, PI3K/AKT) and integrating immunotherapy or hormonal agents to extend benefit. Moving forward, harmonizing HRD testing across tumor types, accounting for germline, somatic, and liquid biopsy-derived alterations, and refining patient selection will be essential to maximize therapeutic efficacy and safely expand PARP inhibitor use beyond canonical BRCA-mutated cancers.

This review summarizes current knowledge on LINE-1 biology, epigenetic regulation, and functional consequences in ovarian cancer. In addition, we discuss the realistic potential of LINE-1 as a circulating epigenetic biomarker and therapeutic target.

P1/2, N=43, Not yet recruiting, ARCAGY/ GINECO GROUP

Finally, we propose a biomarker-guided framework that links antigen-presentation competence, immune engagement, dominant suppressive axes, and ascites-specific biology to rational therapeutic matching. This mechanism-centered view supports more precise trial design and provides a roadmap for combination immunotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer.

P1/2, N=43, Not yet recruiting, Asso De Recherche Cancers Gynecologiques