Mesothelioma

P1, N=5, Terminated, Roswell Park Cancer Institute | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; low accrual

P1, N=12, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=38 --> 12

P3, N=347, Not yet recruiting, Tsinghua University affiliated Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital; Tsinghua University affiliated Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital

The safety profile remains favorable across all applications, with bleeding as the primary complication that is typically manageable with standard techniques. Cryobiopsy represents a significant advancement in thoracic oncology diagnostics, providing high-quality tissue specimens essential for contemporary cancer management.

EMT has been linked to the acquisition of a chemoresistant phenotype; moreover, the release of miRNAs into circulating exosomes from patients with MPM could also impact the resistance to conventional treatments. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in MPM and their relationship with chemoresistance, as well as to establish new knowledge to support the development of improved treatment for patients with MPM.

In patients with PD-L1 ≥ 1% and BAP1 loss, the median progression-free survival (mPFS) was numerically longer (10 vs. 7 months) but in patients with PD-L1 ≥ 1% and BAP1 positivity, PFS was statistically significantly shorter (1 vs. 7 months, p = 0.048). Our results did not show that PD-L1 and BAP1 are prognostic biomarkers for MPM, but positive PD-L1 expression and BAP1 loss were associated with worse survival in patients with MPM.

The pharmacological inhibition of AKT (ipatasertib), MEK (trametinib), and RSK (BI-D1870) resulted in the reversal of ROS-induced effects, with the strongest effects observed upon the inhibition of YB-1 phosphorylation by BI-D1870. The results suggest that ROS exposure has a strong impact on cell migration and immune evasion not only in PM cells but also in mesothelial cells, from which PM arises. Interfering with ROS-responsive kinase pathways, particularly YB-1 phosphorylation, could counteract pro-migratory and immune-evasive effects in PM.

Architecturally more complex forms within this spectrum exist and have been labelled as having "uncertain malignant potential." Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis is an uncommon but aggressive tumor that may show loss of BAP1 or MTAP immunostaining, supporting a distinct molecular pathogenesis. This review summarizes the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemically, and molecular features of mesothelial lesions of the paratestis, emphasizing their morphologic overlap, diagnostic pitfalls, and evolving framework for classification.

P2, N=102, Completed, Bristol-Myers Squibb | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Oct 2026 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2026 --> Nov 2025

Finally, we show that high expression of PD-1 on circulating CD4+ T cells is an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in this patient group. This work suggests that MPE T cell phenotypes differ from those in circulation, with blood-based T cell subsets more sensitive predictors of outcome in this study.

The CD2 cytoplasmic tail, in combination with CD3z, delivers balanced costimulation that couples brisk tumor debulking to T cell persistence. CD2z therefore may provide a simple, versatile alternative to canonical CD28 and 4-1BB modules for next-generation CAR T therapies.

The expression of tumor PD-L1 could serve as an adverse prognostic factor for PM patients. Its potential association with tumor stromal α-SMA expression warrants further investigation, particularly in the context of unmet needs in tumor immunotherapy.