Systemic chemotherapy with vinblastine and prednisone led to marked improvement in nail, skin, pulmonary, and osseous lesions. These cases illustrate that nail changes may be the earliest manifestation of LCH and should prompt thorough systemic evaluation. Early recognition of nail involvement can facilitate timely diagnosis and risk-adapted treatment, potentially improving outcomes in affected patients.

P3, N=182, Terminated, University Hospital, Montpellier | N=600 --> 182 | Recruiting --> Terminated; low enrollment at participating centers

P=N/A, N=30, Recruiting, Damascus University

P1/2, N=102, Completed, CHA University | Recruiting --> Completed

P3, N=40, Recruiting, Elsan | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P=N/A, N=45, Completed, Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

P=N/A, N=60, Completed, Indonesia University | Recruiting --> Completed

P4, N=104, Not yet recruiting, Columbia University

Upon confirming KHE diagnosis, we initiated a combined sirolimus and prednisone treatment. In this report, we also discuss the clinical manifestations, imaging features, histopathological characteristics, and treatment options for this KHE subtype and review relevant literature. This case highlights the diagnostic features and therapeutic considerations of superficial KHE without KMP, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation.

Exosomes were administered intravenously, while dexamethasone was given intraperitoneally...Their multi-modal mechanisms-including anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, angiogenic, and neuroregenerative effects-highlight their potential as a novel therapeutic approach for stroke management. Future research should focus on clinical translation, dosage optimization, and long-term safety evaluation.

P1/2, N=70, Recruiting, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P4, N=176, Enrolling by invitation, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City (UMC)