Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and higher IL-18 expression in pancreatic tumors is associated with poor prognosis. On the other hand, the release of active IL-18 was not observed with gemcitabine. These findings suggest that a low-nutrient tumor microenvironment and 5-FU therapy can promote caspase-8-dependent pyroptotic cell death with IL-18 activation, potentially contributing to chronic inflammation in pancreatic tumors.

Taxane‑based chemotherapy was associated with more favorable outcomes than pemetrexed in dramatic progression after osimertinib resistance, with higher non‑hematologic toxicity. These findings, supported by exploratory in vitro sensitivity, warrant prospective validation.

The patient completed six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil (S-1) plus oxaliplatin, and routine follow-up examinations showed no evidence of recurrence...The patient was treated with SOX chemotherapy combined with the PD-1 inhibitor tislelizumab...This case highlights the importance of vigilance for rare metastatic sites, such as the adrenal gland, in patients with advanced gastric cancer even after standardized postoperative surveillance. Systemic chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy may represent an effective treatment strategy for selected patients with metastatic gastric cancer.

These findings establish the COP1-LUZP1-MYL9 axis as a therapeutic target for CRLM and oxaliplatin-based chemoresistance. Clinically, COP1 expression profiling in PDOs from postoperative specimens enables a precision strategy for managing oxaliplatin-based chemoresistance, especially in the context of FOLFOX.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and its prodrugs are widely used drugs for chemotherapy in various cancers. In conclusion, our study reveals that everolimus sensitizes breast cancer to fluoropyrimidines by destabilizing TYMS through modulation of its O-GlcNAcylation. These findings support a promising combination strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU and capecitabine in breast cancer.

Targeting FASN as a modulator of 5-FU resistance, via pharmacological inhibitor and phototoxic peptide conjugate, resensitised cells to 5-FU in acquired organoid models of resistance. PDOs are valuable tools for modelling drug resistance and offer opportunities to discover novel therapeutic approaches to circumvent the emergence of drug resistance.

Notably, baseline NR3C1 methylation levels predicted response to first-line FOLFIRINOX-based treatment with an acceptable 75% sensitivity and a high specificity of 92.86%. These findings highlight the clinical significance of cfDNA methylation as a minimally invasive biomarker source, emphasizing LAX1, NR3C1, and RCAN3 as prognostic biomarkers in mPDAC. Specifically, baseline NR3C1 methylation emerges as a promising predictor of treatment response, supporting personalized therapeutic strategies in mPDAC.

P3, N=304, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital

Among them, capecitabine, S-1, bevacizumab, and avelumab were most frequently evaluated. MT, whether applied as a continuous or switching strategy, may sustain clinical benefits without compromising QoL due to severe AEs. Future studies should investigate the long-term clinical benefits of MT and its impact on resource utilization and health-related QoL.

Against breast cancer cells, 6m displayed ~3-fold superior activity than 5-fluorouracil while against pancreatic cancer cells, it exhibited comparable to superior activity...ADME analysis proposes favorable features for good oral bioavailability. This study ascertains 6m as a promising lead for further biological evaluation and structural optimization toward the development of potential anticancer agents against pancreatic and breast cancers.

P=N/A, N=66, Recruiting, Erasmus Medical Center | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P2/3, N=1000, Not yet recruiting, Het Nederlands Kanker Instituut-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis Stichting