We integrate data on epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibitors, taxanes such as docetaxel, fluoropyrimidines such as capecitabine, immune checkpoint inhibitors, BRAF and MEK inhibitors, mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors, Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. We highlight the vulnerability of older adults, in whom age-related skin changes, comorbidities and polypharmacy amplify the impact of these events while evidence from dedicated prospective studies remains scarce. The review synthesizes practical, mechanism-oriented strategies for prevention and stepwise management, from basic skin care and photoprotection to targeted use of antibiotics, corticosteroids and treatment modification, with the goal of supporting timely recognition of cutaneous toxicity and multidisciplinary care that preserves both quality of life and the anticancer efficacy of therapy.

The LNMRGS is a robust prognostic signature for CRC. NPR3 plays a key role in metastatic progression and chemoresistance, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target.

P2, N=60, Completed, Guangxi Medical University | Unknown status --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jun 2022 --> Oct 2025

They were treated with savolitinib as the second-line treatment after previously receiving AP regimens (pemetrexed + cisplatin). The case series demonstrated that savolitinib has a favorable clinical efficacy and safety profile, suggesting its potential as a key therapeutic option for elderly patients with NSCLC harboring METex14 skipping mutations. The treatment offers sustained survival benefits and is well-tolerated.

Diagnosis requires systematically excluding other primary squamous cell carcinoma sites (oesophagus, lung, head and neck) before confirming primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC).Radical resection (R0) combined with aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy is the optimal treatment strategy, offering the best survival chance even in advanced disease (pT4bN3aM0, LVI+/PNI+).Treatment must be individualised due to a lack of standardised protocols: for this extremely rare malignancy, the decision between upfront surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be based on tumour resect ability, biological characteristics and multidisciplinary tumour board discussion.

5-fluorouracil and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) inhibitors are the agents most commonly linked to abnormal vasoreactivity, whereas BCR-ABL (breakpoint cluster region-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog) inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been associated with accelerated atherosclerosis...Key contributors include endothelial injury and dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. An understanding of the mechanisms of vascular toxicities may facilitate optimal treatment and preventive strategies in patients with cancer.

Histopathological findings further confirmed that boldine preserved renal tissue integrity and prevented tubular and glomerular damage. Overall, boldine significantly protected against 5-FU-induced renal injury via anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Human biomarker research is limited but indicates positive changes following interventions that increase UA. Future priorities include biomarker-driven, dose-finding trials stratified by metabotype, developing colon-targeted vs. systemic formulations, and testing combinations with chemotherapy and immunotherapy to determine safety and effectiveness.

These findings suggest that TGFBR1 inhibition could provide a strategic approach to reduce the dosage of 5FU, thereby minimizing its severe side effects in gastric cancer patients. Furthermore, these results underscore the potential of TGFBR1 as both a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target, warranting further investigation in aggressive forms of gastric cancer.

The GEMSTONE-303 trial demonstrated that sugemalimab combined with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) improved survival benefit in patients with advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) and a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) ≥5. It is essential to adopt a combination of targeted patient selection, price negotiation, and broader PAP access to bring the ICER below the WTP threshold. These findings inform reimbursement negotiations and highlight the need for stratified pricing strategies to optimize accessibility in economically diverse populations.

1.This study investigated the synergistic effect of L-arginine (iNOS substrate) combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, iNOS inducer) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).2.In vitro, the combination significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and upregulated iNOS. It also decreased mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail, Slug) and increased epithelial E-cadherin.3.In vivo, using DEN-induced HCC rats, the combination group showed extensive tumor necrosis, reduced mitoses, enhanced iNOS, reduced mesenchymal markers, elevated E-cadherin, fewer pseudopodia, and increased cytoplasmic vacuolation compared to the model group.4.Thus, L-arginine + 5-FU synergistically inhibits HCC metastasis by suppressing EMT via iNOS upregulation.

Free energy landscapes, principal component analysis, and dynamic cross-correlation maps further demonstrated that PMX induces conformational dynamics consistent with a partial agonist profile. This study provides an atomistic perspective on the recognition mechanism of PMX as a PPARγ partial agonist, offering a structural foundation for designing multitarget agents that simultaneously disrupt nucleotide metabolism and transcriptional regulation in NSCLC.