Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma

Lenvatinib therapy was initiated at the previous hospital, resulting in tumor shrinkage, and total thyroidectomy was performed 62 days after the initiation of treatment...We report a case of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma with an SMARCB1 mutation. The accumulation of similar cases and additional immunohistochemical evaluations of past specimens may contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.

Neoadjuvant therapy shows promise in improving resectability for unresectable and poorly differentiated thyroid cancers, with 51% of patients achieving R0 resection. Future studies should investigate optimal therapy selection, timing, dosing, and long-term outcomes, including disease-specific survival and patient-reported measures.

Interestingly, we showed for the first time, to our knowledge, a positive correlation between CHD4 and NOX4 protein expression in malignant thyroid tissues. The results of this study suggest that CHD4 could be used as a complementary molecular marker to improve the diagnosis and the management of PTCs-BRAFV600E .

Combination therapy of encorafenib plus binimetinib for unresectable BRAF V600-mutated thyroid cancer was associated with generally maintained HR-QoL. Considering the efficacy and safety data from the trial, the regimen may provide clinical benefits while maintaining HR-QoL.

Ve combined with Pa exerts a synergistic inhibitory effect on the growth and metastasis of FRO and ARO cells, while promoting apoptosis and cellular redifferentiation. This combination may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for ATC.

PTEN alterations detected preoperatively confer an intermediate ROM (∼32%) in surgically followed cohorts, but ROM is modulated by pathway-related selection for surgery and by how PTEN alteration is operationalized (sequence variant vs protein loss). A PTEN-altered preoperative result should be communicated as a moderate-risk molecular finding that frequently maps to follicular/oncocytic neoplasia yet includes differentiated carcinomas and rare high-grade disease, supporting integrated pathology-radiology-molecular decision-making.

Somatic PGVs in potentially targetable pathways were found in 72% of ATC tumors. Given the aggressiveness of ATC and the limited efficacy of current treatments, these findings support the rationale for biomarker-driven basket trials investigating the efficacy of targeted therapies in this population.

Multiple rare thyroid malignancies may present indistinguishably from ATC, emphasizing the need for meticulous histopathologic and molecular evaluation.

CD15 demonstrates high specificity for PTC. However, its limited sensitivity and variable expression in follicular-patterned lesions make its prognostic value unclear. CD15 should not be used as a standalone marker; instead, it may improve diagnostic accuracy when combined with other markers in multiparametric immunohistochemical panels.

P2, N=12, Not yet recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Our real-world experience with L/P in metastatic BRAFWT-ATC demonstrates the clinical efficacy and safety of this combination, consistent with prior reports. A prospective clinical trial in the United States is ongoing (NCT#04171622).

Our results provide new insights into the role of EpCAM in thyroid cancer biology and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target in ATC. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking EpCAM to anaplastic transformation and to explore the therapeutic efficacy of EpCAM-targeting strategies in aggressive thyroid cancers.