In this Egyptian cohort, Ki-67 ≥ 30% was strongly associated with adverse pathological features and independently predicted high-grade disease, supporting its use as a practical ancillary marker and providing regional validation of prior reports. Vimentin was not significantly associated with the studied parameters in this dataset. Future studies should assess alternative cutoffs within the same cohort and validate outcome-linked thresholds in longitudinal datasets.
In preclinical patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, CDK4/6 inhibition plus immune checkpoint blockade demonstrates potent antitumor efficacy. Overall, our findings suggest this combination therapy as a promising therapeutic strategy for TPX2high and NEBC patients.
P2, N=10, Recruiting, Henry Ford Health System | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Jan 2028 | Initiation date: May 2025 --> Apr 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2027
6 days ago
Enrollment open • Trial completion date • Trial initiation date • Trial primary completion date
Biomarkers predictive of treatment response-including PD-L1 expression and tumor mutational burden-are summarized, integrating recent clinical and translational evidence. We conclude by outlining future research directions focused on overcoming therapeutic resistance, refining predictive and prognostic biomarkers, and developing next-generation immunotherapies to improve clinical outcomes for patients.
These findings suggest that the two components are part of the same neoplastic process and, given the presence of urothelial carcinoma in situ, possibly represent the first reported example of urothelial carcinoma with divergent prostatic differentiation. Awareness of divergent differentiation in urothelial carcinomas has important diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications and can be resolved with the use of ancillary molecular studies.