Uterine Cancer

In cultured LMS cells, proliferation correlated with increased nuclear smoothelin positivity. These findings suggest that smoothelin is linked to proliferative capacity in SMTs, and its altered subcellular distribution may have potential utility in the pathological evaluation of SMTs.

The mutational patterns affecting homologous recombination repair differ across gynecologic and breast cancers. Further research into cancer-specific HRD mechanisms is warranted.

P=N/A, N=2000, Recruiting, Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jan 2027

The reduction in CD8-positive TILs density around invasive GAS glands indicates an immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment that may contribute to treatment resistance. The present results provide novel insights into the pathology of GAS that may inform more effective diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies for this aggressive malignancy.

Given that our cases were identified in a relatively short time period, it is likely that GLI1-rearranged tumours are more common in the female genital tract than is realised and a high index of suspicion is required to initiate appropriate testing and establish the diagnosis. In the absence of readily available appropriate molecular testing, GLI1 immunohistochemistry can serve as an acceptably accurate surrogate biomarker for GLI1 rearrangement, since we found that GLI1 immunohistochemistry showed strong, diffuse nuclear staining in 6 GLI1-rearranged gynaecologic tumours stained for this study, whereas this was consistently negative, or at most weak/focal, in an array of 135 morphologic mimics.

PRAME nuclear expression is highly sensitive and specific for carcinomas of endometrial and tubo-ovarian origin, with minimal expression in endocervical adenocarcinomas and ovarian mucinous carcinomas. PRAME IHC may be an adjunct tool to determine the site of origin in gynecologic carcinomas of uncertain primary.

Liquid biopsy holds promise for improving uLMS diagnosis and management. However, standardization and biomarker validation remain essential to achieve reliable clinical translation and enable earlier, more precise treatment strategies.

CDKN2A exhibits strong diagnostic performance in HPV-associated cervical cancer and moderate, cohort-dependent discriminatory ability in endometrial carcinoma. These findings reinforce its established diagnostic role in CESC and propose adjunctive utility in UCEC, underscoring the importance of tumor-contextual interpretation of CDKN2A expression in gynecologic malignancies.

Compared with adenomyosis, women with acromegaly again showed larger cervical width, AP thickness, and volume, together with altered U:C indices, whereas cervical length did not differ, suggesting a pattern not explained by nonspecific pelvic pathology. Women with acromegaly demonstrate a distinct uterine phenotype characterized by selective cervical hypertrophy with preserved uterine corpus size-an ECM-centric "acromegalic uteropathy." This noninvasive morphometric signature may have diagnostic and procedural relevance and warrants confirmation in prospective studies.

FAT1 is commonly expressed in carcinomas of gastrointestinal, lung or breast origin, but is rarely expressed in tubo-ovarian carcinoma effusions and is absent in mesothelioma. Whether this difference is of use in the diagnostic setting remains to be established.

USC is a biologically heterogeneous disease, and its treatment should be guided by its molecular profile. ER expression identifies a subset of patients with improved DFS, suggesting potential prognostic relevance in this high-risk histology.

We report a population of high FOLR1-expressing tumor-associated macrophages (CD163 + FOLR1 + ), suggesting potential on-target, off-tumor immune editing by MIRV. A composite biomarker score derived in this cohort correlates with objective response to MIRV and pembrolizumab.