XBCD identified five true positives and 166 true negatives, yielding a sensitivity of 71.4%, specificity of 88.8%, and a negative predictive value of 98.8%. In this low-prevalence setting, XBCD demonstrated potential as a triage tool to reduce the number of procedures and support earlier BC detection, although findings are limited by the small number of cancer cases.
The integrated approach of IHC with genotyping could improve risk stratification and guide personalized management strategies. Moreover, as cytology is less sensitive to diagnose UC, especially low-grade tumours, Xpert BCM can be used as a promising diagnostic test for both primary and recurrent BC settings.